North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) - 1764 Words

NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (NAFTA) Brief Overview: NAFTA, The North American Free Trade Agreement, came into existence on January 1, 1994. NAFTA is essentially a free-trade agreement between the 3 North American nations of the Unites States, Canada, and Mexico. The major thought behind this treaty was to give the citizens and the companies of the North American nations many incentives to trade between themselves. The duties on U.S goods exported to Mexico were slashed by fifty percent, and other restrictions were to be detached from a lot of categories, such as motor vehicles, computers, automotive parts, and agricultural goods. NAFTA was also put into action so to safeguard the intellectual property rights of the companies, such†¦show more content†¦In 1993, Maquiladoras accounted to just 2143. But 6 yrs hence, the total count of maquiladoras had risen 73 percent to 3703†. This illustrates that NAFTA has had a net positive influence on Mexico, more than any other country. NAFTA: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: As mentioned earlier, NAFTA to date continues to be controversial, much before its origin. The main quarrel that quite a few politicians have had against NAFTA is that they dread it would turn nations of the likes of Canada into full time branch plant economies. The farmers in Mexico have been resisting NAFTA since they are of the opinion that all the subsidies that the United States’ farmers get has a detrimental effect on the Mexican agricultural prices, which in turn is forcing a lot of the Mexican farmers out of business. A lot of sectors in Mexico have displayed a solid downward trend in the salaries. Quite a few revolutions have been born in Mexico, e.g. the Zapatista revolutionaries, and this has led to plenty socio-political issues for the Mexicans. â€Å"Furthermore, NAFTA was accompanied by a striking decline of the power of trade unions in Mexicos city areas. NAFTA has been accompanied by a remarkable rise of illegal immigration from Mexico to the United States; apparently, a noteworthy fraction of this group are farmers forced off their land by bankruptcy. Resistance to NAFTA also arises from social justice, environmental and other advocacy organizations that are ofShow MoreRelatedThe North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)1345 Words   |  6 Pages The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), came into effect on January 1, 1994, creating the largest free trade region in the world, generating economic growth and helping to raise the standard of living for the people of all three countries participating. By strengthening the rules and procedures governing trade and investment, the NAFTA has shown to be a great base for adding to Canada’s prosperity and has set a valuable example of the benefits of t rade liberalization for the rest of theRead MoreNorth American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta)2362 Words   |  10 PagesNorth American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) I. Brief overview of NAFTA (mainly for in-class presentation) a. NAFTA Introduction b. Original Expectations II. NAFTA over the last 12 years a. Impact on the U.S. economy i. Jobs (Employment Growth) ii. Labor iii. Income iv. Imports vs. Exports (Trade Deficit) 1. Agriculture v. Economic growth b. Impact on Canadian economy c. Impact on Mexican economy d. Global Impact i. International Business ii. FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) Read MoreEssay on North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA1710 Words   |  7 PagesNAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) began on January 1, 1994, and is one of the United States’ most significant regional trade agreements. The final provisions of the NAFTA were fully implemented on January 1, 2008. With full implementation, the last remaining trade restriction on a handful of agricultural commodities such as U.S. exports to Mexico of corn, dry edible beans, nonfat dry milk and high fructose corn syrupRead MoreNafta And Theu.s. North American Free Trade Agreement1063 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The formation of NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) has brought many advantages among the nations of the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Since its inception in 1994, it is difficult to see the great effect NAFTA has economically whether it is good or bad due to currency fluctuations, and economic growth (Villarreal Fergusson, 2014). This is why the paper will go into the advantages that NAFTA has brought to the countries mentioned above. The advantages that will be discussedRead MoreEssay about North American Free Trade Agreement: Nafta1764 Words   |  8 Pages North American Free Trade Agreement: NAFTA Introduction nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I believe that the North American Free Trade Agreement was an inevitable step in the evolution of the United States economic policy. The globilization of the world economy due to technological advances in computers and communications have shrunk the world to the point where no single country acting alone can effectively compete on the foreign market. Even the United States, with its vast resources, can not haveRead MoreNorth American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta)2362 Words   |  10 PagesNorth American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) I. Brief overview of NAFTA (mainly for in-class presentation) a. NAFTA Introduction b. Original Expectations II. NAFTA over the last 12 years a. Impact on the U.S. economy i. Jobs (Employment Growth) ii. Labor iii. Income iv. Imports vs. Exports (Trade Deficit) 1. Agriculture v. Economic growth b. Impact on Canadian economy c. Impact on Mexican economy d. Global Impact i. International Business ii. FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) Read MoreNafta, The North American Free Trade Agreement1253 Words   |  6 PagesNAFTA NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement, is the largest free market agreement in the world. It includes the US, Canada, and Mexico, and was put in place on January 1, 1994 (Inc.com). The agreement was signed by US President Bill Clinton, Mexican President Carlos Salinas, and Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrà ©tien (Sergie, 2014). Its purpose was to do away with tariff barriers between the three nations on goods and services, remove international investment restrictions, and protect intellectualRead MoreNafta ( North American Free Trade Agreement1449 Words   |  6 PagesNAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) was formed in 1994 and created one of the world’s largest free trade zones which includes Mexico, United States and Canada. NAFTA is an example of a multilateral approach to free trade. The multilateral approach states that a country will bargain with its trading partners to remove trade restrictions while the other countries do the same. Another multilatera l approach is GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) which regulates international tradeRead MoreEvaluating Naft Was It Worth It?1229 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluating NAFTA: Was it worth it? In 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was enacted between two industrial countries and a yet still developing nation. This was an agreement that was the first of its kind due to the relationship that the countries had and the investment opportunities that it presented. The United States, Canada, and developing Mexico decided to work towards eliminating most tariffs and non-tariff barriers between the three in order to increase the flow of trade in goodsRead MoreThe North American Free Trade Agreement1711 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will discuss four components of the North American Free Trade Agreement: Background, events, pros and cons. Upon the research, you will discover four online articles to provide more detail and examples. This research will indicate how it was developed and the reasoning on why it would benefit the nation. Also, it will provide events that occur after the agreement was signed by congress and the recession the countries experience d uring the early 2000s. There will be a chart located

Gender Inequality Essay - 1816 Words

Gender Inequality From the beginning of time, women have worked just like their male counterparts. Women throughout history have earned significantly less money than men. Where does this difference in earnings come from? Studying historical trends and modern data can help clarify where the disparity comes from. This country was founded on the principals of religious freedom. Religion is a major part of people’s lives not only in this country but also around the world. The religious foundation of most Americans is that of Judeo-Christian. The Bible begins with the story of Adam and Eve. In Chapter One in the book of Genesis, it is stated that God created human beings, man and woman. The atmosphere changes dramatically in†¦show more content†¦This is a role women would perform for centuries. Agricultural Economy Farming has been at the center of economic history for centuries. Men performed most of the physical labor of tilling fields and feeding the animals. Women performed tasks that were equally physically demanding. They grinded grain, carried buckets of water, and churned milk to make butter. Industrial Economy The Industrial Revolution of the 1700s and early 1800s brought about major changes in work for both men and women. No longer was the farm the center of production and family life. The factory became the workplace that people needed to commute to for employment. The isolation of farm life made moving to cities an appealing choice for many. At first family members worked as teams in the factory system. That would soon change. The long hours and physical demands in the early factory system led to women being relegated to the household and domestic tasks. The physical demands of working in the factories were too much for many women. The stage was set for the standard stay-athome moms and hard-working dads. Being the sole wage earner in the family reinforced the man’s traditional position as head of the family. The separation of work and home left women with a uselessness when reflecting on productive work. The social and technological changes of the 19th and 20th Centuries removed manyShow MoreRelatedEssay On Gender Inequality1127 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"superior† race/gender of a white male were typically treated as if they were less. Women and African-Americans aren’t being treated as bad today, but they’re still being treated worse than the white males of society. Even today, when white males are typically the leaders of society, it’s not always race and gender that creates inequality; sometimes it’s money that creates the issue. Not just from past evidence, but from present evidence as well, America shows signs of inequality by the way peopleRead MoreSocial Inequality And Gender Inequality Essay2163 Words   |  9 Pagesn AmericaSocial inequality is defined as the set of unequal for different social classes or statuses for various individuals within a group or society. It usually refers to people of distinct genders, ages and ethnicities. Many American’s have experienced some type of social inequality throughout their lifetime. America’s gaping inequality is seen everywhere from education to the workforce. Society tends to oversee inequality based on race, gender, and other social characteristics believe that racialRead MoreSocial Inequality And Gender Inequality Essay2091 Words   |  9 PagesSocial inequality is defined as the set of unequal opportunities for different social classes or statuses for various individuals within a group or society. It usually refers to people of distinct genders, ages, and ethnicities. Many American’s have experienced some type of social inequality throughout their lifetime. America’s gaping inequality is seen everywhere from education to the workforce. Society tends to oversee inequality based on race, gender, and other social characteristics . AmericansRead MoreGender Inequalities And Gender Inequality922 Words   |  4 PagesGender Inequalities in Education Judge Sonia Sotomayor states, â€Å"Until we get equality in education, we won t have an equal society. That quote resonates throughout the world because of gender inequality in education. Researchers believe gender inequality still exists in the 21st century. Through research, controversial opinions exist about inequality in schools and what has been done to address this situation. What is gender equality? Gender inequality refers to disproportionate dealing or assessmentsRead MoreGender Inequality : Gender Inequalities825 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Ursini Mrs. Karen Cardenas English 4 Sec 03 Sum 17 07 July 2017 Gender Inequalities Thesis: While this could be the best thing the world could accomplish if something changes, Women and men should not be segregated into their own category. Because both genders should have equal rights when it comes to working, money, households, relationships and other categories. This problem has been around for a long time but never been brought to a lot of people s attention, because of this nobody talksRead MoreGender Inequalities And Gender Inequality1791 Words   |  8 PagesGender inequalities have been around since the beginning of time, and it has been a long and bumpy road to achieve the amount of equality that we have today. Still everyday women have the risk of being discriminated against for simply being women. Depending on where these women live, what the predominate culture in the area is, and the amount of education that is allowed affects their risk of being discriminated against and the severity of the act itself. Discrimination can be displayed in formsRead MoreG ender Inequality And Gender Equality1667 Words   |  7 PagesGender inequality is the state in which access to rights or opportunities is affected by gender. Gender inequality is an issue not just nationally but globally. This issue is portrayed by the mistreating of individuals, mainly women, and not valuing everyone as one. This presentation will illustrate the exploration of gender equality, propose a solution and why that solution will produce a better future for a better world. Gender inequality is a very important issue common in our world today thatRead MoreGender Equality And Gender Inequality979 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the past few decades, the gender inequality discourse have became a dominant feature of international, national and local policy debate on the subject of economic development. This policy concern has emerged as an area of scholarly research which seeks to show that improving gender equity leads to economic growth. Gender Inequality in Australia: According to the data published by Australian Bureau of Statistics in May 2015, the full time average earnings of women is $284.20 or 17.9%Read MoreGender Inequality And Gender Inequalities1787 Words   |  8 PagesGender inequality plays a critical role when it comes to social progress. As a woman, I have seen the struggles for equality to men in many aspects. Regardless of the great strides that women have achieved today, it is still hard to find equal opportunity and to be fairly recognized. Some of the areas where gender inequality is very prevalent are in areas such as, equal pay in the workplace, professional education careers, household work, sexism and discrimination just to name a few. GenderRead MoreGender Inequalities Of Sports And Gender Inequality1468 Words   |  6 PagesGender Inequalities in Sport Men throughout history have been the dominant gender, from the times of hunting with stone weapons to the modern day metal and automated machines. Many negative connotations are thought of when comparing women to men like strength, but less so when comparing men to women. Is it the society’s view that women are weaker than men or is it a natural fact brought to light? In sports women experience many prejudices, but even so some sports are equal or even female dominant

Is Hong Kong an Ideal Place Free Essays

Is Hong Kong an ideal place? According to the Global Urban Competitiveness Report (2007-2008) Hong Kong dropped 7 places to 26 as a competitive city for investment. If it’s any consolation, Hong Kong remained one of the most affluent cities in the world and one of the top 5 in Asia in term of economy, infrastructure and freedom of speech. Yes, Hong Kong is undoubtedly achieved so well with flying color, having a stable economy, good job market and good accessibility to anywhere due to intra-city transport network. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Hong Kong an Ideal Place or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the quality of life in this cosmopolitan city does not completely meet the expectation of its people in terms of social, economical and environmental indicators. Firstly, Hong Kong is particularly shot of flat land for building purpose. Owning to the scarcity of land and the large population, housing has often been a grave problem in Hong Kong. Indeed, many Hong Kong people aspire to own a better home. However, due to spiraling rent and house prize, more and more people are unable to afford the high value. Sandwich class suffers the most. As they are not eligible to public housing, the only choice for them is to endure extremely high prize. Reasonably good housing accommodation within the means of the average Hong Kong people is often seriously lacking—- the government should exert themselves. Secondly, serious air pollution spoils the quality of our life and threatens our very existence. In fact, the problem of air pollution has been particularly acute in recent year and the number of days with foggy condition per year also increases. Those lingering exhaust fumes leave a bad impression on the minds of visitors. This turn down the tourism industry, as they are unsatisfied the view of the Victoria Harbour. Thirdly, as Hong Kong follows a â€Å"small government† traditional thinking, one of the important reasons for having an unprecedented surplus is a simple tax system and lower tax rate, attracting businessman to invest and tourists to spend here. Behind the government’s bumper harvest, a large demand to share the fruits of economic development is pushing on Financial Secretary. After the fiscal budget is launched, the policy remains the same as the previous budget, showing that they have no sense of improving the quality of living of the citizens and strengthen the competitiveness of Hong Kong. Hong Kong has best of the west and east blended here. Hong Kong people are proud of having such advantages. When the housing problem and air pollution are solved, Hong Kong will surely become a more stable and prosperous city. Hong Kong government should take more concern from society to get benefits from flourishing economy. How to cite Is Hong Kong an Ideal Place, Papers

Nextel Peru for Emerging Market Cost of Capital-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theNextel Peru for Emerging Market Cost of Capital. Answer: Introduction Based on Rafael d Anconias review of Entels investment in Nextel Peru the report will be focused on evaluating if the purchase of the firm at $ 400 million is justified by the economic situation of Peru and the global factors affecting the country. NII was organised as a holding company for Nextel in 1995, from 2000 the firm directed its focus to Latin America to take advantage of the upcoming economic mobility. Its main targets were the businesses who were in main urban areas. The firms direct connect and push-to-talk services in addition to quality customer care attracted many clients. The network was originally supported by iDEN platform under Motorola (Lawson, 2010). This was the largest technology that could use non-contiguous spectrum though with several drawbacks. The NII began experiencing problems when the iDEN technology was faced out which commissioned a phase of lose making trend. Nextel Peru was like NII as in both cases the companys operations were dependant on the iDEN technology and they both suffered when the technology became obsolete and the larger firms intensified market competition. This research report is therefore designed to contemplate on the performance of Nextel and give a recommendation regarding the takeover (Sidak, 1982). Findings and Discussion Perus integration in to the global capital market convergences the market risk and price of investments in Peru to the international one. This integration will be the principle of globalising the economy of Peru. This makes the buying and selling of assets, foreign currency exchange, government bonds as well as obtaining bank loans to be carried out from any part of the globe in a brief period. it will therefore be essential for D Anconia to consider Perus integration in to the global capital market as this will mean Entel which is in Chile can easily make business transactions with Nextel located in Peru along the international capital market. This adds up to ease of doing business in Peru (Albrow, 1990). The integration of Peru to the global capital market opens the countrys economy to external competition from firms located outside the country. It also ensures the countries asset prices takes in to account the international demand. When valuing an international company with a significant revenue operating in the emerging markets you will need to evaluate the best ways of determining the countrys risk before converting them to the recommended equity risk premiums. In addition, the integration of a country in to the global market make it necessary to evaluate the variations in equity risk across various countries (Bridges, 2002). this will make it easy to compute the hurdle rates that differ from country to country and cause fair allocation of capital. Nextel Perus estimated asset beta is 0.216%. the required rate of return on the assets will be 14.42%. the long-range growth of Nextel will be same to the other industries in Chile. This is because the firms problems will be solved once it is purchased by a bigger company and therefore be able to experience positive cashflow. The cost of capital will be estimated at 17 % as it will follow the cost being experience by Perus telecommunication firms. Considering the future positive cash inflow and the lower asset beta the $ 400 million price for the Nextel will be economically fair to pay (Saggi, 2002). Conclusion and Recommendations Globalisation plays a role in the demand of a countrys product, it is therefore effective to accommodate it in evaluating the risk premium. With the assumption that all the investors are equal and possess a fixed relative risk aversion a country will have a lower risk premium if its integrated to the global market than when segmented (Babones, 2008). This is because the investors in the country can develop a lower variance portfolio through making use of portfolio of equity of other countries belonging to the global market. It is therefore evident that globalization will minimise the countrys risk premium (Clayton, 2004). Asset beta assesses the volatility of the company without considering the impact of the debts. The companys beta of 0.216 indicates that the risk attached to the firm is low and there is an estimated chance that the investor will be able to gain a positive cash in future date and as a result possible profitability (Kozlenkova, et al., 2012). The estimated required return on assets will give the profitability of the company in terms of total assets. Being that the company will be able to generate a profit of 14.25, its concluded that Nextel will be a profitable firm and the purchase should be pursued. Considering that D Anconia have evaluated and realised that the challenges facing Nextel are temporary and will be solved by selling the firm to a larger firm which can purchase the required technology the management of the firm should consider the sale other than see the firm making losses continuously thereby losing the investors capital. Upon purchase the firm will grow at the industry rates of Peru. Since the economy of Peru is on the rise as suggested by the estimated long-range growth rate of 14.2 %, there is projection that the firm will be a profitable venture (Beladi, et al., 2013). The payment of $ 400 million for the firm by Entel is therefore an economically favourable decision. Calculations The expected growth will be in line with the Peru long range growth rate hence 14.2% Return on equity Return on assets References Albrow, M. a. E. K., 1990. Globalization, Knowledge and Society , London: Sage. Babones, S., 2008. Studying Globalization: Methodological Issues, s.l.: John Wiley Sons. Beladi, H., Chao, C.-C. Hollas, D., 2013. Does globalization weaken labor unions in developing countries?. The Journal of International Trade Economic Development, 22(4), p. 56271. Bridges, G., 2002. Grounding Globalization: The Prospects and Perils of Linking Economic Processes of Globalization to Environmental Outcomes. Economic Geography, 78(3), p. 36186. Clayton, T., 2004. Competing Conceptions of Globalization" Revisited: Relocating the Tension between World-Systems Analysis and Globalization Analysis. Comparative Education Review, 48(3), p. 27494. Kozlenkova, I. V. et al., 2012. The Role of Marketing Channels in Supply Chain Management. Journal of Retailing, 91(4), p. 586609. Lawson, S., 2010. Computerworld.com: Sprint's iDEN finally headed for sign-off. [Online] [Accessed 10 October 2017]. Saggi, K., 2002. Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and International Technology Transfer: A Survey. World Bank Research Observer, 17(2), p. 191235. Sidak, J. G., 1982. Antitrust Preliminary Injunctions in Hostile Tender Offers, s.l.: criterioneconomics.